AchondroplasiaAchondroplasia is a bone disorder that results in dwarfism. Children who are born with achondroplasia typically have short arms and legs, a large head, and an average-sized trunk. They are shorter than most other people because of the

Introduction to ScoliosisThis article provides answers to questions parents and their children often have when first diagnosed with scoliosis, including information about causes, screenings and current research.A Parent's First Questions About Sc

Cerebral PalsyCerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder that affects a child's ability to control their muscles. It is caused by damage or abnormalities in the parts of the brain that are involved with movement and coordination. The spinal cord and muscles

Down Syndrome:Musculoskeletal EffectsDown syndrome is one of the most common genetic disorders. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it affects about 1 baby in every 700 births.Children with Down syndrome have varying dev

Bowed Legs (Blount's Disease)Bowed legs in a toddler is very common. When a child with bowed legs stands with his or her feet together, there is a distinct space between the lower legs and knees. This may be a result of either one, or both, of the

Upper Extremity Limb Length DiscrepancyAn upper extremity limb length discrepancy is a difference in the lengths of the arms. A discrepancy can be present when a child is born (congenital) or develop when a child is older as the result of injury, i

Erb's Palsy(Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy)Erb's palsy is a form of brachial plexus palsy. It is named for one of the doctors who first described this condition, Wilhelm Erb.The brachial plexus (BRAY-key-el PLEK-sis) is a network of nerves near the

HemangiomaA hemangioma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor made up of blood vessels. There are many types of hemangiomas, and they can occur throughout the body, including in skin, muscle, bone, and internal organs.Most hemangiomas occur on the surf