HemangiomaA hemangioma is a benign (noncancerous) tumor made up of blood vessels. There are many types of hemangiomas, and they can occur throughout the body, including in skin, muscle, bone, and internal organs.Most hemangiomas occur on the surf

Tarsal CoalitionA tarsal coalition is an abnormal connection of two or more bones in the foot. The bones affected — called tarsal bones — are located toward the back of the foot and in the heel, and the connection of the bones can result in a sever

Clubfoot, also known as Congenital Talipes Equinovarus, is a complex, congenital deformity of the foot, that left untreated can limit a person’s mobility by making it difficult and painful to walk. [1] It is defined as a deformity characterized by co

Congenital Muscular Torticollis (Wry Neck)Congenital muscular torticollis, also called twisted neck or wry neck, is a condition in which an infant holds his or her head tilted to one side and has difficulty turning the head to the opposite side.I

Kyphosis (Roundback) of the SpineKyphosis is a spinal disorder in which an excessive curve of the spine results in an abnormal rounding of the upper back. The condition is sometimes known as roundback or — in the case of a severe curve — as hunchba

Upper Extremity Limb Length DiscrepancyAn upper extremity limb length discrepancy is a difference in the lengths of the arms. A discrepancy can be present when a child is born (congenital) or develop when a child is older as the result of injury, i

Down Syndrome:Musculoskeletal EffectsDown syndrome is one of the most common genetic disorders. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it affects about 1 baby in every 700 births.Children with Down syndrome have varying dev

Clavicle Fracture (Broken Collarbone)A clavicle fracture is a break in the collarbone, one of the main bones in the shoulder. This type of fracture is fairly common—accounting for about 5 percent of all adult fractures. Most clavicle fractures occu